Chapter+8

Workers and Economic Change

__ April 17, 2012 __
media type="youtube" key="mc3DUCOk7dU?rel=0" height="315" width="420" [|Types of Unemployment Youtube Video]

[|Unemployment Rates in Canadian Cities]

[|Reasons for part time workers]

This newspaper add is not really believable because of 1. No experience required-some experience is usually required. 2. The amount of pay-$40-$100 for typing envelopes at home is a lot of money. 3. The type of work-I have never heard of a job that requires you to type envelopes from home.

Factors that Influence Unemployment
**Personal** The way you look, speak, aittitude, education, networking (Personal management skills) Time management skills

**Shifts in Industry/Technological Change** Skill, experience, new technology New technology might lead to reduced demand for human resources; increased automation

**Government Policy/Programs** If the government creates new job programs, it gives students (or anyone in the labour force) a way to find jobs. If the government cuts funding to these programs, then jobs are lost. Raising minimum wage, have to let go of workers in order to reach that minimum for the rest of the workers.

**Seasonal Requirements** For summer jobs, you will need to find winter work. For winter jobs, you will need to find summer work. Seasonal hours Availability (university students for example go to school from September to April and are only available during spring/summer for full time work) Resource industries, construction workers, tourism industries, fisheries

**Labour Unions** If you are in a union, you are garanteed better wages so you make better money. But if you are **not** in a union, you do not have this garantee. You also do not have the protection of the union against getting fired without good cause. So, labour unions can help you from being unemployed but also makes it harder for people who are already unemployed.

**Changes in the National/International Economy**-any changes in these economies can lead to unemployment in these sectors. If there is a demand for goods and services, this stimulates production which creates jobs. If there is no demand, there is less jobs.

**Other Factors that Influence Unemployment**

Regional differences-certain regions of Canada have higher unemployment rates. Why do you think this is?

Educational differences-having an education gives you a better chance of being employed. Does it garantee that you will get a job?

Age/Gender Differences -can sometimes play a role in whether or not you get a job. Do you think this is fair?

**Textbook Assignment** Please complete the following questions on your google doc titled Chapter 8 in full sentences.

Chapter 8, page 204. Skills and Analysis Questions 1, 3, 6.

Also, please answer the following question:

Explain how the following factors can influence whether or not you get a job.

a) Personal factors b) Seasonal requirements

__ April 19, 2012 __

Underemployment

Undercounting unemployment

[|undercounting unemployment video]
__ April 23, 2012 __

How to Combat Unemployment in an Economy


 * Increase in government spending **

The government is the consumer so the total demand for goods and services goes up. This stimulates the economy and increases employment.


 * Reduction in tax rates **

People are spending less money on paying for taxes so they have more money to spend on other things. So the total demand for goods and services goes up again. This stimulates the economy and increases employment.

**Employment Insurance (EI)**

Provides benefits to people who lose their jobs through no fault of their own and are available for and able to work, but can't find a job. For example, due to shortage of work, seasonal or mass lay-offs

[|Employment Insurance Regular Benefits]


 * Employment Programs/Job Training **

Employment programs and job training aim to promote labour force participation.

[|Human Resources and Skills Development Canada]

Effects of unemployment

The effects of unemployment are both economic and social. The textbook points out several reasons and the following link comes up with more effects.

[|Adverse Effects of Unemployment] List we came up with in class **Loss of income**-a person no longer have a job so you no longer get money. **Homelessness rises**-a person may not be able to afford thier mortgage/rent. **Mental/physical illnesses rise**-people need money to pay for medical expenses. **Depression rates rise** - searching for a job is difficult and can lead to being depressed; damage to self-esteem. **Crime rates rise**-people become desparate and turn to different methods of getting money. **People can turn to illegal methods to receive benefits**-same reason as above. **Divorce rates rise**-having financial problems can cause stress. **Downsizing**-people cannot afford thier huge homes/cars anymore, may have to move to a smaller cheaper place or turn to other methods of transportation. __** April 24, 2012 **__

**Chapter 8 Test**

The information you are expected to know is as follows:
 * Labour force and whose included in it
 * Participation rate
 * Unemployment rate
 * What a high/low participation rate mean
 * What the 2 types of unemployment are
 * 5 types on involuntary unemployment
 * Factors that could influence whether or not you will get a job. You must be able to come up with examples for each.
 * 3 types of underemployment
 * Effects of unemployment
 * How to combat unemployment